Some Issues on Ontology Integration

The word integration has been used with different meanings in the ontology field. This article aims at clarifying the meaning of the word “integration” and presenting some of the relevant work done in integration. We identify three meanings of ontology “integration”: when building a new ontology reusing (by assembling, extending, specializing or adapting) other ontologies already available; when building an ontology by merging several ontologies into a single one that unifies all of them; when building an application using one or more ontologies. We discuss the different meanings of “integration”, identify the main characteristics of the three different processes and proposethree words to distinguish among those meanings:integration, merge and use

Estudo da corrosão do ferro em meio ácido clorídrico, na presença e ausência de ião férrico

A maior parte dos estudos cinéticos de solubilização do ferro em meios ácidos clorídricos [1-7] foram realizados na ausência de oxigénio. Neste trabalho estudou-se a influência dos iões H+, Cl- e Fe3+ na corrosão de um ferro em meio arejado, utilizando a técnica LSV ("Linear Sweep Voltammetry". Os dados experimentais obtidos, corrente/potencial, permitem determinar as densidades de corrente de corrosão, assim como as ordens da reacção anódica relativamente aos referidos iões

A Visual {DSL} for the certification of open source software

Quality assessment of open source software is becoming an important and active research area. One of the reasons for this recent interest is the consequence of Internet popularity. Nowadays, programming also involves looking for the large set of open source libraries and tools that may be reused when developing our software applications. In order to reuse such open source software artifacts, programmers not only need the guarantee that the reused artifact is certified, but also that independently developed artifacts can be easily combined into a coherent piece of software. In this paper we improve over previous works and describe a visual language that allows programmers to graphically describe how software artifacts can be combined into powerful software certification processes. This paper introduces the visual language and describes how its elements are available to the user through an intuitive interface.(undefined

CRISPR genotyping as complementary tool for epidemiological surveillance of Erwinia amylovora outbreaks

Fire blight is a destructive plant disease caused by Erwinia amylovora affecting pome fruit trees, and responsible for large yield declines, long phytosanitary confinements, and high economic losses. In Portugal, the first major fire blight outbreaks occurred in 2010 and 2011, and although later considered eradicated, the emergence of other outbreaks in recent years stressed the need to characterize the E. amylovora populations associated with these outbreaks. In this regard, CRISPR genotyping, assessment of three virulence markers, and semi-quantitative virulence bioassays, were carried out to determine the genotype, and assess the virulence of thirty-six E. amylovora isolates associated with outbreaks occurring between 2010 and 2017 and affecting apple and pear orchards located in the country central-west, known as the main producing region of pome fruits in Portugal. The data gathered reveal that 35 E. amylovora isolates belong to one of the widely-distributed CRISPR genotypes (5-24-38 / D-a-α) regardless the host species, year and region. Ea 680 was the single isolate revealing a new CRISPR genotype due to a novel CR2 spacer located closer to the leader sequence and therefore thought to be recently acquired. Regarding pathogenicity, although dot-blot hybridization assays showed the presence of key virulence factors, namely hrpL (T3SS), hrpN (T3E) and amsG from the amylovoran biosynthesis operon in all E. amylovora isolates studied, pathogenicity bioassays on immature pear slices allowed to distinguish four virulence levels, with most of the isolates revealing an intermediate to severe virulence phenotype. Regardless the clonal population structure of the E. amylovora associated to the outbreaks occurring in Portugal between 2010 and 2017, the different virulence phenotypes, suggests that E. amylovora may have been introduced at different instances into the country. This is the first study regarding E. amylovora in Portugal, and it discloses a novel CRISPR genotype for this bacterium.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Effects of irrigation on the vigour, yield and berry composition of the red variety Touriga Nacional at the Dão winegrowing region, Portugal

Proceedings - 17 th International Symposium GIESCO, Asti, Italy, 2011In a field trial installed at the Centro de Estudos Vitivinícolas do Dão, Nelas, Portugal, the effect of three irrigation treatments on the agronomic behaviour of cv Touriga Nacional (Vitis vinifera L.) were studied during three growing seasons (2006-2008). Three irrigation treatments (DI30 - irrigation with 30% of ETc; DI50 - irrigation with 50% ETc, FI - full irrigation – 100% Etc) were compared to a control non-irrigated treatment (NI). Compared to NI, the deficit irrigation treatments (DI30 & DI50) showed no significant differences on the yield and its components. The full irrigation treatment induced a significantly higher yield due to a higher bunch weight, as compared with the others treatments. Compared to the control, the deficit irrigation treatments presented similar berry composition during all the three seasons. The FI treatment presented, in all seasons, a significantly higher total acidity and a significantly lower Brix and total anthocyanins concentration as compared to the other treatments. The pruning weight and shoot weight increased with the amount of irrigation water applied, but significant differences were found only between the FI and the NI treatments, the last presenting the lowest values. Despite the fact that in the non-irrigated vineyards of the Dão winegrowing region it is very common to observe vine water stress symptoms, mainly during the ripening period, during the three studied seasons (2006-2008), the deficit irrigation treatments showed no advantages relatively to the control non-irrigated. Despite the higher yield produced in the full irrigation, this treatment had the disadvantages of the excessive vine vigour and lower must quality produced

Daily evolution of the components of the balance of radiation of vines in a vineyard in the Dão region

Proceedings - 17 th International Symposium GIESCO, Asti, Italy, 2011In order to validate a model of vine transpiration based on radiative surface temperature a field trial was conducted in a vineyard in the Dão region, centre of Portugal, with the cultivar “Touriga Nacional”. The model is based on the partition of net radiation between the components of the canopy (vines, soil, and grass cover), considering that the vines and the undercover (soil plus grass cover) act separately and in parallel. Thus, the latent heat flux from the vines to the atmosphere (lTc) is determined from vine net radiation (Rnc) and sensible heat flux (Hc). The partition of net radiation (Rn) between the undercover (Rns) and the vines (Rnc) is made considering the exponential form for radiation extinction, with the coefficient of extinction being corrected with a factor dependent on the zenital solar angle (j) while leaf area index (LAI) is corrected with a clumping factor, Ω(φ). Sensible heat flux from the vines (Hc) is calculated from radiative temperature (Tc) considering that the fluxes from the different origins are independent and that there are two resistances in series between the canopy and the atmosphere: the leaf boundary layer resistance (raHc) and the aerodynamic resistance of the crop (raH). Besides the estimation of the daily values of transpiration, the model allows to study the evolution of the different components of the radiation balance throughout the day. The daily evolution of the evaporation fraction from the vines (FEc) can be approximated by a concave curve. Values of FEc > 1 show that, under certain circumstances and periods of the day, energy used for transpiration (lTc) is greater than crop net radiation, which indicates that there are exchanges of energy between the several components of the surface, namely when evaporative demand from the atmosphere is high and there are no soil water restrictions. The model also shows that, regardless of the soil water status, transpiration is a big part of Rn when these values are low (in the beginning of the morning and late afternoon)

Enhancing methane yield from crude glycerol anaerobic digestion by coupling with ultrasound or A. niger/E. coli biodegradation

Anaerobic digestion of crude glycerol from biodiesel production is a feasible way for methane production. However, crude glycerol (CG) contains impurities, such as long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) that can inhibit methanogenic microorganisms. Ultrasound promotes the hydrolysis of LCFA and deagglomerates the microorganisms in biological flocs. Furthermore, Aspergillus niger and Escherichia coli produce lipases capable of degrading LCFA. This study aims at improving the methane yield from anaerobic digestion by coupling with ultrasound or E. coli/A. niger biodegradation. The effect of the different treatments was first assessed in a perfectly mixed batch reactor (PMBR), using diluted CG at concentrations of 0.2%, 1.7%, and 3.2% (v/v). Later, the best conditions were replicated in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor to simulate full-scale practical applications. Experiments in the PMBR showed that ultrasound or A. niger biodegradation steps improved methane yield up to 11% for 0.2% CG and 99% for 1.7% CG, respectively. CG biodegradation by E. coli inhibited the subsequent anaerobic digestion for all concentrations tested. Using a UASB digester, ultrasonic treatment of CG led to an average increase of 29% in methane production. The application of ultrasound led to a lower accumulation of propionic acid in the digested material and increased biogas production. On the other hand, an average 77% increase in methane production was achieved using a preliminary CG biodegradation step by A. niger, when operated at a loading rate of 2.9 kg COD m-3 day-1. Under these conditions, an energy gain of 0.48 kWh day-1, with the production of the 0.434 m3 CH4 kg-1 CODremoval and 0.573 m3 CH4 kg-1 VS, and a biogas quality of 73% in methane were obtained. The digested material was analyzed for the detection and quantification of added-value by-products in order to obtain a broad assessment of the CG valorization through anaerobic digestion. In some experiments, propionic and oxalic acid were detected. However, the accumulation of propionic caused the inhibition of the acetogenic and methanogenic microorganisms.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Molecular and thermal characterization of white lupin (Lupinus albus) protein isolates.

In this work differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and SDS-PAGE techniques were used to study protein isolates from white lupine seeds flour (Lupinus albus)

Avaliação do efeito fertilizante de um composto.

Comunicação da qual só está disponível o resumo.O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido na Escola Superior Agrária e teve como principal objetivo efetuar a validação de um composto como matéria fertilizante. O composto foi obtido pela compostagem dos seguintes resíduos de origem orgânica: lamas de depuração urbanas provenientes de ETAR e estruturante, que consiste essencialmente de casca de pinho e madeira triturada (serrim). Para concretizar este objetivo realizaram-se os seguintes trabalhos experimentais: 1- Caracterização analítica do composto; 2- Ensaio de germinação, com a finalidade de demonstrar que o composto, após incorporação no solo, não afeta negativamente a germinação das sementes (1) ; 3- Ensaio em vasos, com um solo representativo das condições edáficas em Portugal e utilizando como cultura uma espécie forrageira (azevém, Lolium spp.). Este ensaio teve com o objetivo avaliar o efeito fertilizante do composto sobre as propriedades do solo e sobre a produção e qualidade da cultura. Verificou-se que o composto está conforme os valores exigidos pelo Decreto-Lei nº103/2015 de 15 de junho (2) para a colocação no mercado de matérias fertilizantes do Grupo 5- Corretivos orgânicos, Classe II podendo ser utilizado em agricultura. Os resultados obtidos nos ensaios permitem concluir que o composto não apresentou efeitos de fitotoxicidade sobre a germinação das sementes e apresentou um efeito positivo no teor de matéria orgânica do solo, possuindo assim características de matéria fertilizante como corretivo orgânico. A produção da cultura, quer de matéria verde quer de matéria seca, foi semelhante entre as modalidades com aplicação de composto e com adubação mineral. A utilização de composto apesar de não veicular quantidades significativas de P revela ter um efeito positivo na fitodisponibilidade em fósforo do solo. Da aplicação do composto não resultou uma acumulação de micronutrientes e metais pesados (Cu, Zn, Mn, Pb, Cd, Cr e Ni), quer no solo quer nas plantas. Este ensaio demonstrou, que a dose 10 t ha-1 de composto complementado com cerca de 50 kg de azoto mineral permitiu ultrapassar os efeitos negativos da imobilização de azoto, e simultaneamente demonstrou um efeito positivo quer no teor de matéria orgânica do solo, quer na disponibilização de N e P originando uma mais adequada nutrição da cultura. Esta modalidade conduziu a uma poupança de 68% na utilização exclusiva de azoto mineral.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Ansiedade Social na Infância e Pré-Adolescência: A versão portuguesa da SASC-R

[resumo][abstract